Athlete Impressions of a Character-Based Sports Program for Underserved Youth
Over the last decade, researchers have become very interested in understanding how extracurricular and out-of-school activities can contribute to positive youth development (e.g., Larson, Hansen, & Moneta, 2006). This research has shown that extracurricular…
Differences in Fan-Family Conflict Based on an Individual’s Level of Identification with a Team
In a given day, an individual may identify with a wide variety of roles ranging from parent to employee to student, or even to sport fan. The concept of a role refers to how an individual behaves within a specific context (Biddle, 1979). Demands of…
Exploring Fantasy Baseball Consumer Behavior: Examining the Relationship between Identification, Fantasy Participation, and Consumption
Identification is the process of linking an individual’s experience and internal information processing to social networks created through interactions with others (Callero, 1985). This connection between “self” and “society” is the basis for identity…
Exploring Social Identity Theory and the ‘Black Sheep Effect’ among College Student-Athletes and Non-Athletes
From the 1919 Black Sox scandal to the recent incidents involving high profile college football programs (e.g., University of Southern California, The Ohio State University, and University of Miami) and professional football players (e.g., Michael…
Identifying Athletes’ Sources of Competitive State Anxiety
Anxiety is defined as a negative emotional reaction that results from experiencing a demanding situation and appraising it as a threat (Lazarus, 1999). While demanding situations are not inherently negative (Wadey & Hanton, 2008), when they are…
Soccer Fans’ Self and Group Perceptions of Superiority over Rival Fans
The social comparison process is pervasive: parents monitor their children’s progress by scrutinising developmental norms; students check the average class mark for an assignment to see how they compare to their peers; sports participants examine their…
